Typical hormonal contraceptives such as birth control pills, the patch and vaginal ring contain manufactured oestrogen and progestin hormones that inhibit the body’s natural hormones, preventing pregnancy. A vaginal ring is considered a safe and convenient contraceptive device. The contraceptive method involves the insertion of a tiny, flexible ring into the vagina to prevent pregnancy by releasing hormones to control the cyclic hormones the body naturally produces inhibiting ovulation which means there will be no egg present for the sperm to fertilise. Hormones from the vaginal ring also thicken the cervical mucous, making it challenging for sperm to swim to eggs.

A soft disk-shaped sponge made from polyurethane foam is a form of contraception that contains spermicide, killing sperm. A contraceptive sponge will be made use of when birth control pills present side effects such as:

• Reduced sex drive
• Nausea
• Sore and tender breasts
• Irregular menstrual bleeding

Before intercourse, the soft sponge is carefully inserted deep in the vagina, covering the cervix with the vaginal muscles firmly holding it in place. A contraceptive sponge is preferred over usual birth control pills as it doesn’t require a prescription and is available over-the-counter, doesn’t require cooperation from the partner and provides 24 hours of protection from pregnancy. Other contraceptives should be made use of if the person is allergic to polyurethane or spermicide, has frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs). A contraceptive sponge is not recommended for a woman who has a history of toxic shock syndrome (sunburn-like rash, vomiting, diarrhoea and fatigue), experiences vaginal abnormality or has a high risk of contracting HIV/AIDs.

A T-shaped device more prominent than a coin fits into the uterus, preventing sperm from fertilising eggs and is considered a long-term contraceptive measure. Hormonal IUDs release small doses of the progestin hormone, which is the same type of hormone used in most birth control pills to reduce the heavy menstrual flow and is a good option for women with heavy periods.

Emergency contraceptive pills or the "morning-after pill" is taken within a 72-hour timeframe after engaging in unprotected sex. Another form of emergency contraception involves inserting an intrauterine, copper-bearing device (IUD) within five to seven days after unprotected intercourse.

Surgical sterilisation procedures such as a vasectomy that involves clamping or cutting the vas deferens, preventing the ejaculation of sperm and tubal ligation that involves cutting and tying the fallopian tubes to permanently prevent pregnancy are the most effective and permanent forms of birth control.